The current state of haplic kastanozems of the Trans-Ural region and their agricultural transformation

Author(s):  D.G. Polyakov, candidate of Sciences, no, Institute of the steppe UrO RAN – Independent Structural Unit FGBUN OFITS UrO RAN, Orenburg,, Russia, electropismo@yandex.ru

Issue:  Volume 43, № 4

Rubric:  Earth sciences

Annotation:  Dynamics of properties of haplic kastanozems of the Trans-Ural region is determined by method of retrospective monitoring. As a zero mark data of the first round of the soil researches executed during the period from 1968 to 1971 are accepted. The current state of soils is determined by data of the second round of soil inspection and own researches conducted from 2002 to 2019. Agricultural use of soils leads to the transformation of soil properties of arable land. Processes of a decrease in a share of organic matter, deflation and acidifying of the arable horizon are noted. The organic matter content in the haplic kastanozems of the study region decreased by 25 % compared with the 1st round. Its reserves decreased by 45.4 t/ha. Moreover, deflationary losses account for 35–40 % of the total losses. High content of clay in soil promotes manifestation agricultural (arable) deflation as it is caused by loss, first of all the most shallow particles. The complex of described trends indicates a gradual degradation of arable land soils. The main measure of protection is transition to nature similar technologies of agriculture the providing minimization of processing of the soil and replenishment of stocks of a organic matter.

Keywords:  Trans-Ural region, retrospective monitoring, deflation, organic matter, clay, agriculture

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