ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE GENOESE GASARIA IN THE 13-th – 15-th CENTURIES. DEFINITION OF TERM

Author(s):  S.G. Bocharov, Alfred Khalikov Institute of Archeology. Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia, sgbotcharov@mail.ru

Issue:  Volume 45, №1

Rubric:  Topical issues of world history

Annotation:  The main topic of this article is the research of issues about presence of the Genoese Republic in the Northern Black Sea Region in the 13th - 15th centuries. In this region, the Genoese created a system of cities and settlements that were transformed into a separate State. The borders of this State covered the territory from the Delta of the Danube in the West to the Caucasus Coast in the East and including all coast of the Crimean peninsula. Today in scientific literature there is no clear definition of the historical and territorial concept of the Genoese Gazaria. In most cases this term is used to the objects belonging to the Genoese Republic on the Crimea. The article introduces a definition - the Archeology of the Genoese Gazaria as part of the Byzantine archeology and archeology of the Golden Horde, which encompasses all material evidences of the Genoese presence in the Northern Black Sea Region. This component is the branch of the Byzantine Archeology as a reflection of the general process of penetration of the Latins and including the Genoese into the coastal territories of this State in the Eastern Mediterranean, but on the other hand is an integral part of the Archeology of the Golden Horde, since Latin in general and Genoese in particular settled on the lands of the Golden Horde and formed a same complex with the mass material culture of the Golden Horde state.

Keywords:  Byzantine Empire, Golden Horde, Genoese Gazaria, Northern Black Sea Coast, Crimean peninsula, historical geography, archaeology.

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